Julian Hoerner was a former Visiting Fellow at the LSE European Institute. He is currently a Lecturer in Politics in the Department of Politics and International Studies at the University of Brimingham. His research focuses on the interaction of electoral behaviour and political institutions in shaping representation, accountability, and the quality of democracy in Europe. He also has an interest in the politics and policies of the European Union and the impact of historical legacies on contemporary politics. Before joining the University of Birmingham, Julian was a Senior Research Analyst covering the European Union and Germany at the UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office and a Fellow in European Politics and Public Policy at the LSE.